Observation of Floquet bands in driven spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gases

Year: 2018

Authors: Huang LH., Peng P., Li DH., Meng ZM., Chen LC., Qu C., Wang PJ., Zhang CW., Zhang J.

Autors Affiliation: Shanxi Univ, Inst Optoelect, State Key Lab Quantum Opt & Quantum Opt Devices, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, Peoples R China; Shanxi Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Extreme Opt, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, Peoples R China; Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Phys, Richardson, TX 75080 USA; Univ Trento, INO CNR BEC Ctr, I-38123 Povo, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38123 Povo, Italy; Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA; Univ Sci & Technol China, Synerget Innovat Ctr Quantum Informat & Quantum P, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China.

Abstract: Periodic driving of a quantum system can significantly alter its energy bands and even change the band topology, opening a completely new avenue for engineering novel quantum matter. Although important progress has been made recently in measuring topological properties of Floquet bands in different systems, direct experimental measurement of full Floquet band dispersions and their topology change is still demanding. Here we directly measure Floquet band dispersions in a periodically driven spin-orbit-coupled ultracold Fermi gas using spin-injection radio-frequency spectroscopy. We observe that the Dirac point originating from two-dimensional spin-orbit coupling can be manipulated to emerge at the lowest or highest two dressed bands by fast modulating Raman laser frequencies, demonstrating topological change of Floquet bands. Our work will provide a powerful tool for understanding fundamental Floquet physics as well as engineering exotic topological quantum matter.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW A

Volume: 98 (1)      Pages from: 13615-1  to: 13615-7

More Information: Useful discussions with L. Jiang are acknowledged. This research is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFA0301602, 2018YFA0307601), NSFC (Grant No. 11474188, 11704234), the Fund for Shanxi 1331 Project Key Subjects Construction, and the Program of Youth Sanjin Scholar. C.Q. and C.Z. are supported by ARO (Grant No. W911NF-17-1-0128), AFOSR (Grant No. FA9550-16-1-0387), and NSF (Grant No. PHY-1505496).
KeyWords: Topological Insulators; Realization; Lattice; Systems; Atoms; Model
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.98.013615

Citations: 11
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