Quantum metrology with nonclassical states of atomic ensembles

Year: 2018

Authors: Pezzé L., Smerzi A., Oberthaler M. K., Schmied R., Treutlein P.

Autors Affiliation: INO CNR, QSTAR, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, I-50125 Florence, Italy; LENS, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, I-50125 Florence, Italy; Heidelberg Univ, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Neuenheimer Feld 227, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Univ Basel, Dept Phys, Klingelbergstr 82, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.

Abstract: Quantum technologies exploit entanglement to revolutionize computing, measurements, and communications. This has stimulated the research in different areas of physics to engineer and manipulate fragile many-particle entangled states. Progress has been particularly rapid for atoms. Thanks to the large and tunable nonlinearities and the well-developed techniques for trapping, controlling, and counting, many groundbreaking experiments have demonstrated the generation of entangled states of trapped ions, cold, and ultracold gases of neutral atoms. Moreover, atoms can strongly couple to external forces and fields, which makes them ideal for ultraprecise sensing and time keeping. All these factors call for generating nonclassical atomic states designed for phase estimation in atomic clocks and atom interferometers, exploiting many-body entanglement to increase the sensitivity of precision measurements. The goal of this article is to review and illustrate the theory and the experiments with atomic ensembles that have demonstrated many-particle entanglement and quantum-enhanced metrology.

Journal/Review: REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS

Volume: 90 (3)      Pages from: 35005-1  to: 35005-70

More Information: We are indebted to our colleagues and collaborators with whom we have shared many useful discussions over the past years. In particular, we thank B. Allard, M. Fadel, M. Fattori, C. Klempt, W. Muessel, L. Santos, H. Strobel, G. Toth, and T. Zibold. R. S. and P. T. acknowledge funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation through NCCR QSIT.
KeyWords: Bose-einstein Condensate; Podolsky-rosen Paradox; Mach-zehnder Interferometer; Matter-wave Interferometry; Squeezed States; Phase Sensitivity; Multiparticle Entanglement; Nondemolition Measurements; Projection Noise; Coherent States
DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.90.035005

Citations: 955
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