Refractive index variation in a free-standing diamond thin film induced by irradiation with fully transmitted high-energy protons

Year: 2017

Authors: Lagomarsino S., Calusi S., Massi M., Gelli N., Sciortino S., Taccetti F., Giuntini L., Sordini A., Vannoni M., Bosia F., Gatto Monticone D., Olivero P., Fairchild B.A., Kashyap P., Alves A.D.C., Strack M.A., Prawer S., Greentree A.D.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Firenze, Dept Phys & Astron, Florence, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, Florence, Italy; Univ Firenze, Dept Expt & Clin Biomed Sci Mario Serio, Florence, Italy; CNR, INO, Florence, Italy; Univ Torino, Dept Phys, Turin, Italy; Univ Torino, NIS Interdept Ctr, Turin, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy; Consorzio Nazl Interuniv Sci Fisich Mat CNISM, Sez Torino, Turin, Italy; Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; RMIT Univ, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Nanoscale B, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia; RMIT Univ, Melbourne, Vic, Australia; European XFEL GmbH, Hamburg, Germany.

Abstract: Ion irradiation is a widely employed tool to fabricate diamond micro- and nano-structures for applications in integrated photonics and quantum optics. In this context, it is essential to accurately assess the effect of ion-induced damage on the variation of the refractive index of the material, both to control the side effects in the fabrication process and possibly finely tune such variations. Several partially contradictory accounts have been provided on the effect of the ion irradiation on the refractive index of single crystal diamond. These discrepancies may be attributable to the fact that in all cases the ions are implanted in the bulk of the material, thus inducing a series of concurrent effects (volume expansion, stress, doping, etc.). Here we report the systematic characterization of the refractive index variations occurring in a 38 mu m thin artificial diamond sample upon irradiation with high-energy (3 MeV and 5 MeV) protons. In this configuration the ions are fully transmitted through the sample, while inducing an almost uniform damage profile with depth. Therefore, our findings conclusively identify and accurately quantify the change in the material polarizability as a function of ion beam damage as the primary cause for the modification of its refractive index.

Journal/Review: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS

Volume: 7      Pages from: 385-1  to: 385-8

More Information: This activity was supported by the following projects, which are gratefully acknowledged: FIRB Future in Research 2010 project (CUP code: D11J11000450001) funded by the Italian Ministry for Teaching, University and Research (MIUR); FARE project funded by the Italian National institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN); A.Di.N-Tech. project (CUP code: D15E13000130003) funded by University of Torino and Compagnia di San Paolo in the framework of the Progetti di ricerca di Ateneo 2012 scheme. A.D.G. acknowledges the ARC for financial support (Grant No. DP130104381).
KeyWords: Ion-implantation; Damage; Microprobe; Dynamics; Physics
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00343-0

Citations: 16
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