Route to turbulence in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate

Year: 2011

Authors: Seman J.A., Henn E.A.L., Shiozaki R.F., Roati G., Poveda-Cuevas F.J., Magalhaes K.M.F., Yukalov V.I., Tsubota M., Kobayashi M., Kasamatsu K. , Bagnato V.S.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis Sao Carlos, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil; Univ Florence, LENS, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Univ Florence, Dipartimento Fis, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; INO CNR, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Joint Inst Nucl Res, Bogolubov Lab Theoret Phys, Dubna 141980, Russia; Osaka City Univ, Dept Phys, Sumiyoshi Ku, Osaka 5588585, Japan; Univ Tokyo, Dept Pure & Appl Sci, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1538902, Japan; Kinki Univ, Dept Phys, Osaka 5778502, Japan

Abstract: We have studied a Bose-Einstein condensate of Rb-87 atoms under an oscillatory excitation. For a fixed frequency of excitation, we have explored how the values of amplitude and time of excitation must be combined in order to produce quantum turbulence in the condensate. Depending on the combination of these parameters different behaviors are observed in the sample. For the lowest values of time and amplitude of excitation, we observe a bending of the main axis of the cloud. Increasing the amplitude of excitation we observe an increasing number of vortices. The vortex state can evolve into the turbulent regime if the parameters of excitation are driven up to a certain set of combinations. If the value of the parameters of these combinations is exceeded, all vorticity disappears and the condensate enters into a different regime which we have identified as the granular phase. Our results are summarized in a diagram of amplitude versus time of excitation in which the different structures can be identified. We also present numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation which support our observations. (C) 2011 by Astro Ltd. Published exclusively by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA

Journal/Review: LASER PHYSICS LETTERS

Volume: 8 (9)      Pages from: 691  to: 696

More Information: We appreciate financial support from the Brazilian agencies Fapesp and CNPq, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from JSPS.
KeyWords: quantum turbulence; quantized vortices; nonequilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates; granulation of Bose-Einstein condensates
DOI: 10.1002/lapl.201110052

Citations: 55
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