Studies of an array of PbF2 Cherenkov crystals with large-area SiPM readout
Year: 2015
Authors: Fienberg A.T., Alonzi L.P., Anastasi A., Bjorkquist R., Cauz D., Fatemi R., Ferrari C., Fioretti A., Fankenthal A., Gabbanini C., Gibbons L.K., Giovanetti K., Goadhouse S.D., Gohn, W.P., Gorringe T.P., Hertzog D.W., Iacovacci M., Kammel P., Kaspar J., Kiburg B., Li L., Mastroianni S., Pauletta G., Peterson D.A., Pocanic D., Smith M.W., Sweigart D.A., Tishchenko V., Venanzoni G., Van Wechel T.D., Wall K.B., Winter P., Yai K.
Autors Affiliation: Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA; Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste & GC Udine, Udine, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy; UOS Pisa, CNR, Ist Nazl Ott, Pisa, Italy; Univ Messina, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, Messina, Italy; Univ Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy; Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA; Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA; James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA; Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China; Shanghai Key Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Shanghai, Peoples R China; Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Osaka, Japan.
Abstract: The electromagnetic calorimeter for the new muon (g – 2) experiment at Fermilab will consist of arrays of PbF2 Cherenkov crystals read out by large-area silicon photo-multiplier (SiPM) sensors. We report here on measurements and simulations using 2.0-4.6 GeV electrons with a 28-element prototype array. All data were obtained using fast waveform digitizers to accurately capture signal pulse shapes vs. energy, impact position, angle, and crystal wrapping. The SiPMs were gain matched using a laser-based calibration system, which also provided a stabilization procedure that allowed gain correction to a level of 10(-4) per hour. After accounting for longitudinal fluctuation losses, those crystals wrapped in a white, diffusive wrapping exhibited an energy resolution sigma/E of (13.4 +/- 0.1)% /root E/GeV, while those wrapped in a black, absorptive wrapping had (4.6 +/- 0.3)%/ root E/GeV. The white-wrapped crystals having nearly twice the total light collection display a generally wider and impact-position-dependent pulse shape owing to the dynamics of the light propagation, in comparison to the black-wrapped crystals, which have a narrower pulse shape that is insensitive to impact position. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Journal/Review: NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
Volume: 783 Pages from: 12 to: 21
More Information: We thank Adam Para for the initial suggestion to test PbF