Dynamics and Interaction of Vortex Lines in an Elongated Bose-Einstein Condensate

Year: 2015

Authors: Serafini S., Barbiero M., Debortoli M., Donadello S., Larcher F., Dalfovo F., Lamporesi G., Ferrari G.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Trento, INO CNR BEC Ctr, I-38123 Povo, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38123 Povo, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trento Inst Fundamental Phys & Applicat, I-38123 Povo, Italy.

Abstract: We study the real-time dynamics of vortices in a large elongated Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of sodium atoms using a stroboscopic technique. Vortices are produced via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in a quench across the BEC transition and they slowly precess keeping their orientation perpendicular to the long axis of the trap as expected for solitonic vortices in a highly anisotropic condensate. Good agreement with theoretical predictions is found for the precession period as a function of the orbit amplitude and the number of condensed atoms. In configurations with two or more vortices, we see signatures of vortex-vortex interaction in the shape and visibility of the orbits. In addition, when more than two vortices are present, their decay is faster than the thermal decay observed for one or two vortices. The possible role of vortex reconnection processes is discussed.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Volume: 115 (17)      Pages from: 170402-1  to: 170402-5

More Information: We thank L. P. Pitaevskii, N. P. Proukakis, I-Kang Liu, N. G. Parker, and C. F. Barenghi for insightful discussions. We acknowledge Provincia Autonoma di Trento for funding.
KeyWords: Reconnection; Solitons; Precession; Vortices
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.170402

Citations: 63
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