Virgo: a laser interferometer to detect gravitational waves
Year: 2012
Authors: Accadia T., Acernese F., Alshourbagy M., Amico P., Antonucci F., Aoudia S., Arnaud N., Arnault C., Arun K.G., Astone P., Avino S., Babusci D., Ballardin G., Barone F., Barrand G., Barsotti L., Barsuglia M., Basti A., Bauer Th. S., Beauville F., Bebronne M., Bejger M., Beker M.G., Bellachia F., Belletoile A., Beney J.L., Bernardini M., Bigotta S., Bilhaut R., Birindelli S., Bitossi M., Bizouard M.A., Blom M., Boccara C., Boget D., Bondu F., Bonelli L., Bonnand
R., Boschi V., Bosi L., Bouedo T., Bouhou B., Bozzi A., Bracci L., Braccini S., Bradaschia C., Branchesi M., Briant T., Brillet A., Brisson V., Brocco L., Bulik T., Bulten H.J., Buskulic D., Buy C., Cagnoli G., Calamai G., Calloni E., Campagna E., Canuel B., Carbognani F., Carbone L., Cavalier F., Cavalieri R., Cecchi R., Cella G., Cesarini E., Chassande-Mottin E., Chatterji S., Chiche R., Chincarini A., Chiummo A., Christensen N., Clapson A.C., Cleva F., Coccia E., Cohadon P.-F., Colacino C.N., Colas J., Colla A., Colombini M., Conforto G., Corsi A., Cortese S., Cottone F., Coulon J.-P., Cuoco E., D’Antonio S., Daguin G., Dari A., Dattilo V., David P.Y., Davier M., Day R., Debreczeni G., De Carolis G., Dehamme M., Del Fabbro R., Del Pozzo W., Del Prete M., Derome L., De Rosa R., DeSalvo R., Dialinas M., Di Fiore L., Di Lieto A., Di Paolo Emilio M., Di Virgilio A., Dietz A., Doets M., Dominici P., Dominjon A., Drago M., Drezen C., Dujardin B., Dulach B., Eder C., Eleuteri A., Enard D., Evans M., Fabbroni L., Fafone V., Fang H., Ferrante I., Fidecaro F., Fiori I., Flaminio R., Forest D., Forte L. A., Fournier J.-D., Fournier L., Franc J., Francois O., Frasca S., Frasconi F., Freise A., Gaddi A., Galimberti M., Gammaitoni L., Ganau P., Garnier C., Garufi F., Gspr M.E., Gemme G., Genin E., Gennai A., Gennaro G., Giacobone L., Giazotto A., Giordano G., Giordano L., Girard C., Gouaty R., Grado A., Granata M., Granata V., Grave X., Greverie C., Groenstege H., Guidi G.M., Hamdani S., Hayau J.-F., Hebri S., Heidmann A., Heitmann H., Hello P., Hemming G., Hennes E., Hermel R., Heusse P., Holloway L., Huet D., Iannarelli M., Jaranowski P., Jehanno D., Journet L., Karkar S., Ketel T., Voet H., Kovalik J., Kowalska I., Kreckelbergh S., Krolak A., Lacotte J.C., Lagrange B., La Penna P., Laval M., Le Marec J.C., Leroy N., Letendre N., Li T.G.F., Lieunard B., Liguori N., Lodygensky O., Lopez B., Lorenzini M., Loriette V., Losurdo G., Loupias M., Mackowski J.M., Maiani T., Majorana E., Magazz C., Maksimovic I., Malvezzi V., Man N., Mancini S., Mansoux B., Mantovani M., Marchesoni F., Marion F., Marin P., Marque J., Martelli F., Masserot A., Massonnet L., Matone G., Matone L., Mazzoni M., Menzinger F., Michel C., Milano L., Minenkov Y., Mitra S., Mohan M., Montorio J.-L., Morand R., Moreau F., Moreau J., Morgado N., Morgia A., Mosca S., Moscatelli V., Mours B., Mugnier P., Mul F.-A., Naticchioni L., Neri I., Nocera F., Pacaud E., Pagliaroli G., Pai A., Palladino L., Palomba C., Paoletti F., Paoletti R., Paoli A., Pardi S., Parguez G., Parisi M., Pasqualetti A., Passaquieti R., Passuello D., Perciballi M., Perniola B., Persichetti G., Petit S., Pichot M., Piergiovanni F., Pietka M., Pignard R., Pinard L., Poggiani R., Popolizio P., Pradier T., Prato M., Prodi G.A., Punturo M., Puppo P., Qipiani K., Rabaste O., Rabeling D.S., Rcz I., Raffaelli F., Rapagnani P., Rapisarda S., Re V., Reboux A., Regimbau T., Reita V., Remilleux A., Ricci F., Ricciardi I., Richard F., Ripepe M., Robinet F., Rocchi A., Rolland L., Romano R., Rosiska D., Roudier P., Ruggi P., Russo G., Salconi L., Sannibale V., Sassolas B., Sentenac D., Solimeno S., Sottile R., Sperandio L., Stanga R., Sturani R., Swinkels B., Tacca M., Taddei R., Taffarello L., Tarallo M., Tissot S., Toncelli A., Tonelli M., Torre O., Tournefier E., Travasso F., Tremola C., Turri E., Vajente G., Van Den Brand
J.F.J., Van Den Broeck C., Van Der Putten S., Vasuth M., Vavoulidis M., Vedovato G., Verkindt D., Vetrano F., Vziant O., Viceré A., Vinet J.-Y., Vilalte S., Vitale S., Vocca H., Ward R.L., Was M., Yamamoto K., Yvert M., Zendri J.-P., Zhang Z.
Autors Affiliation: Univ Pisa, INFL, I-56127 Pisa, Italy; Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy; Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy; Univ Paris Diderot, APC, CNRS, IN2P3,CEA Irfu,Observ Paris, F-75205 Paris 13, France; EGO, I-56021 Cascina, PI, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Univ Urbino Carlo Bo, I-61029 Urbino, Italy; Univ Florence, I-50121 Florence, Italy; Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Univ Naples Federico II, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Univ Salerno, I-84084 Salerno, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; Univ Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy; Univ Roma La Sapienza, I-00185 Rome, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy; Univ Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy; Univ Aquila, I-67100 Laquila, Italy; Univ Paris 11, LAL, IN2P3, CNRS, F-91898 Orsay, France; CNRS, ESPCI, F-75005 Paris, France; Univ Savoie, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules LAPP, CNRS, IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France; Univ Paris 06, Lab Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS,UPMC, F-75005 Paris, France; CNRS, LMA, IN2P3, F-69622 Lyon, France; NIKHEF H, NL-1009 DB Amsterdam, Netherlands; Vrije Univ Amsterdam, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands; Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Observ Cote Azur, F-06304 Nice, France; Univ Rennes 1, Inst Phys Rennes, CNRS, F-35042 Rennes, France; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Grp Collegato Trento, I-38050 Trento, Italy; Univ Trent, I-38050 Trento, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy; Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy; IM PAN, PL-00956 Warsaw, Poland; Warsaw Univ, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland; CAMK PAN, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland; Bia Lystok Univ, PL-15424 Bialystok, Poland; IPJ, PL-05400 Otwock, Poland; Inst Astron, PL-65265 Zielona Gora, Poland; RMKI, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
Abstract: This paper presents a complete description of Virgo, the French-Italian gravitational wave detector. The detector, built at Cascina, near Pisa (Italy), is a very large Michelson interferometer, with 3 km-long arms. In this paper, following a presentation of the physics requirements, leading to the specifications for the construction of the detector, a detailed description of all its different elements is given. These include civil engineering infrastructures, a huge ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chamber (about 6000 cubic metres), all of the opti cal components, including high quality mirrors and their seismic isolating suspensions, all of the electronics required to control the interferometer and for signal detection. The expected performances of these different elements are given, leading to an overall sensitivity curve as a function of the incoming gravitational wave frequency. This description represents the detector as built and used in the first data-taking runs. Improvements in different parts have been and continue to be performed, leading to better sensitivities. These will be detailed in a forthcoming paper. (c) 2012 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl.
Journal/Review: JOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
Volume: 7 Pages from: P03012 to: P03012
KeyWords: Gravitational waves; Laser interferometry; DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/7/03/P03012Citations: 256data from “WEB OF SCIENCE” (of Thomson Reuters) are update at: 2024-11-17References taken from IsiWeb of Knowledge: (subscribers only)Connecting to view paper tab on IsiWeb: Click hereConnecting to view citations from IsiWeb: Click here