High-power laser drivers and fast neutron sources towards green energy applications

Year: 2025

Authors: Canova F., Cohen I., Gizzi L.A., Mourou G., Osvay K., Necas A., Romanello V., Galis S., Pomerantz I., Wheeler J.

Autors Affiliation: Extreme Light Infrastruct ERIC, Prague, Czech Republic; Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Tel Aviv, Israel; Tel Aviv Univ, Ctr Light Matter Interact, Tel Aviv, Israel; Univ Paris Saclay, IJCLab, IN2P3, CNRS, Orsay, France; CNR, Ist Nazl Ott INO, Intense Laser Irradiat Lab ILIL, I-56124 Pisa, Italy; Ecole Polytech, Route Saclay, Palaiseau, France; TAE Technol, Foothill Ranch, CA USA; Univ Szeged, Natl Laser Initiated Transmutat Lab, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; Univ Szeged, Dept Opt & Quantum Elect, Szeged, Hungary; Ctr Vyzkumu Rez CVR, Husinec, Czech Republic; Univ Paris Saclay, Ecole Polytech, LOA, ENSTA ParisTech,CNRS, Palaiseau, France.

Abstract: Accelerator-driven systems (ADSs) may offer a promising technology for energy production and transmutation of nuclear waste. Here we introduce the concept of utilizing high-intensity laser acceleration technology in realizing an ADS, with a focus on the use of thorium fuel in subcritical systems. We explore state-of-the-art laser-driven particle sources for neutron generation by nuclear fusion, spallation or photonuclear reactions and the prospect of reaching the flux of ${10}<^>{15}$ n/s required to drive a subcritical reactor. We review recent advances in high-power laser amplification and assess their technological readiness in view of integration in an ADS. Finally, we present a risk analysis of a laser-driven ADS in terms of laser and target development, radiation safety and operational stability. Our conclusion highlights the potential of laser-driven ADSs as a transformative approach to nuclear fission energy. With continued research and development, technological hurdles can be overcome to fully realize sustainable, green energy production that can meet global energy demands while addressing safety and environmental concerns.

Journal/Review: HIGH POWER LASER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Volume: 13      Pages from: e79-1  to: e79-35

More Information: In memory of our co-author, Sydney Gales (1943-2024). We, his co-authors, join together to dedicate this work to Sydney’s outstanding contributions to nuclear physics and to his unique role in bridging laser-plasma and nuclear physics research. His vision, expertise, and generosity as a colleague have left a lasting legacy and continue to inspire the entire community.
KeyWords: accelerator-driven systems; high-intensity lasers; laser-plasma acceleration
DOI: 10.1017/hpl.2025.10038