Non-Hermitian optical scattering in cold atoms via four-wave mixing
Year: 2025
Authors: Liu X., Artoni M., La Rocca G.C., Wu J.H.
Autors Affiliation: Northeast Normal Univ, Sch Phys, Changchun 130024, Jilin, Peoples R China; Brescia Univ, Dept Engn & Informat Technol, I-25133 Brescia, Italy; CNR, European Lab Nonlinear Spect, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; CNR, Ist Nazl Ott, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Scuola Normale Super Pisa, NEST, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.
Abstract: Nonlinear effects may play a crucial role in addressing optical nonreciprocal behaviors in scattering media. Such behaviors are however typically observed within a single transmission channel and predominantly in media with fixed optical structures, which inherently restrict the tunability of a nonreciprocal response. We suggest to combine the (intrinsic) nonlinearities of a coherent multilevel medium with a tailored driving geometry that relies on two phase-mismatched standing-wave (SW) beams. This combination is essential for creating extra scattering channels over which, in addition, fully tunable optical nonreciprocal reflection can be attained. Our general approach is adapted here to four-level double-A atoms that are found to exhibit distinct forms of nonreciprocal multichannel scattering and to be quite sensitive to easily tunable parameters of two SW driving beams. The numerical results we present offer valuable insights into the field of non-Hermitian optical scattering and arise indeed from the interplay of interference among scattering processes and Bragg reflection.
Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Volume: 112 (1) Pages from: 13707-1 to: 13707-14
More Information: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 62375047 and No. 12074061) , the Italian PNRR MUR (Grant No. PE0000023-NQSTI) , I-PHOQS (Grant No. PdGP/GePro 2024-2026) , and the Fund for International Activities of the University of Brescia.KeyWords: Frequency-conversion; Isolators; PhaseDOI: 10.1103/fcs4-99zl
