Superfluid properties of bright solitons in a ring

Year: 2022

Authors: Furutani K., Salasnich L.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron Galileo Galilei, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy; CNR, Ist Nazl Ott, Via Carrara 2, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.

Abstract: We theoretically investigate superfluid properties of a one-dimensional annular superfluid with a boost. We derive the formula of the superfluid fraction in the one-dimensional superfluid, which was originally derived by Leggett in the context of supersolid. We see that the superfluid fraction given by Leggett’s formula detects the emergence of solitons in the one-dimensional annular superfluid. The formation of a bright soliton at a critical interaction strength decreases the superfluid fraction. At a critical boost velocity, a node appears in the soliton and the superfluid fraction vanishes. With a transverse dimension, the soliton alters to a more localized one and it undergoes dynamical instability at a critical transverse length. Consequently, the superfluid fraction decreases as one increases the length up to the critical length. With a potential barrier along the ring, the uniform density alters to an inhomogeneous configuration and it develops a soliton localized at one of the potential minima by increasing the interaction strength.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW A

Volume: 105 (3)      Pages from: 33320-1  to: 33320-10

More Information: We thank F. Ancilotto for fruitful discussions and L. Amico for useful comments. K.F. is supported by a Ph.D. fellowship of the Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Padova e Rovigo.
KeyWords: Phase-transitions; Condensate
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.105.033320

Citations: 1
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