Achieving the quantum field theory limit in far-from- equilibrium quantum link models

Year: 2022

Authors: Halimeh J.C., Van Damme M., Zache T.V., Banerjee D., Hauke P.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Trento, CNR BEC Ctr, Dept Phys, INO, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Univ Innsbruck, Ctr Quantum Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Inst Quantum Opt, Quantum Informat Austrian Acad Sci, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Theory Div, HBNI, 1-AF Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata 700064, India.

Abstract: Realizations of gauge theories in setups of quantum synthetic matter open up the possibility of probing salient exotic phe-nomena in condensed matter and high-energy physics, along with potential ap-plications in quantum information and sci-ence technologies. In light of the impres-sive ongoing efforts to achieve such real-izations, a fundamental question regarding quantum link model regularizations of lat-tice gauge theories is how faithfully they capture the quantum field theory limit of gauge theories. Recent work [Zache, Van Damme, Halimeh, Hauke, and Banerjee, Phys. Rev. D 106, L091502 (2022)] has shown through analytic derivations, exact diagonalization, and infinite matrix prod-uct state calculations that the low-energy physics of 1+1D U(1) quantum link models approaches the quantum field theory limit already at small link spin length S. Here, we show that the approach to this limit also lends itself to the far-from-equilibrium quench dynamics of lattice gauge theo-ries, as demonstrated by our numerical simulations of the Loschmidt return rate and the chiral condensate in infinite ma-trix product states, which work directly in the thermodynamic limit. Similar to our findings in equilibrium that show a dis-tinct behavior between half-integer and in-teger link spin lengths, we find that crit-icality emerging in the Loschmidt return rate is fundamentally different between half-integer and integer spin quantum link models in the regime of strong electric -field coupling. Our results further affirm that state-of-the-art finite-size ultracold-atom and NISQ-device implementations of quantum link lattice gauge theories have the real potential to simulate their quan-tum field theory limit even in the far-from -equilibrium regime.

Journal/Review: QUANTUM

Volume: 6      Pages from:   to:

More Information: This work is part of and supported by Provin- cia Autonoma di Trento, the ERC Start- ing Grant StrEnQTh (project ID 804305) , the Google Research Scholar Award ProGauge, and Q@TN – Quantum Science and Technol- ogy in Trento, Research Foundation Flanders (G0E1520N, G0E1820N) , and ERC grants QUTE (647905) and ERQUAF (715861) . This work was supported by the Simons Collaboration on Ul- tra Quantum Matter, which is a grant from the Simons Foundation (651440, P.Z.) .
KeyWords: Many-body Localization; Gauge-invariance; Simulations; Dynamics
DOI: 10.22331/Q-2022-12-19-878

Citations: 4
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