Engineering phase and density of Bose-Einstein condensates in curved waveguides with toroidal topology

Year: 2023

Authors: Nikolaieva Y., Salasnich L., Yakimenko A.

Autors Affiliation: TU Wien, Vienna Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol, Atominst, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Vienna, Austria; Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron Galileo Galilei, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy; Univ Padua, Padua QTech Ctr, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padua, Italy; CNR, INO, Via Nello Carrara 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Taras Shevchenko Natl Univ Kyiv, Dept Phys, 64-13 Volodymyrska St, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine.

Abstract: We investigate the effects of ellipticity-induced curvature on atomic Bose-Einstein condensates confined in quasi-one-dimensional closed-loop waveguides. Our theoretical study reveals intriguing phenomena arising from the interplay between curvature and interactions. Density modulations are observed in regions of high curvature, but these modulations are suppressed by strong repulsive interactions. Additionally, we observe phase accumulation in regions with the lowest curvature when the waveguide with superflow has high eccentricity. Furthermore, waveguides hosting vortices exhibit dynamic transformations between states with different angular momenta. These findings provide insights into the behavior of atomic condensates in curved waveguides, with implications for fundamental physics and quantum technologies. The interplay between curvature and interactions offers opportunities for exploring novel quantum phenomena and engineering quantum states in confined geometries.

Journal/Review: NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS

Volume: 25 (10)      Pages from: 103003-1  to: 103003-12

More Information: The authors thank Gerhard Birkl for useful discussions. Y N acknowledges support by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Grant No. I6276]. L S is partially supported by the European Quantum Flagship Project ’PASQuanS 2’ and by the European Union-NextGenerationEU within the National Center for HPC, Big Data and Quantum Computing [ Project No. CN00000013, CN1 Spoke 10: ’Quantum Computing’]. A Y and Y N acknowledge support from the National Research Foundation of Ukraine through Grant No. 2020.02/0032. L S and A Y acknowledge support from the BIRD Project ’Ultracold atoms in curved geometries’ of the University of Padova and from ’Iniziativa Specifica Quantum’ of INFN.
KeyWords: atomic Bose-Einstein condensate; quantum vortex; persistent current; curvature-induced quantum potential; Gross-Pitaevskii equation; non-polynomial Schrodinger equation
DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/acf783

Citations: 2
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