Evolution of an attractive polarized Fermi gas: From a Fermi liquid of polarons to a non-Fermi liquid at the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov quantum critical point

Year: 2023

Authors: Pini M., Pieri P., Strinati GC.

Autors Affiliation: Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Nothnitzer Str 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany; CNR INO, Ist Nazl Ott, I-50125 Sede Di Firenze, FI, Italy; Univ Camerino, Sch Sci & Technol, Phys Div, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-40127 Bologna, BO, Italy; INFN, Sez Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, BO, Italy.

Abstract: The evolution of an attractive polarized two-component Fermi gas at zero temperature is analyzed as its polarization is progressively decreased, from full polarization (corresponding to the polaronic limit) down to a critical polarization when superfluidity sets in. This critical polarization and the nature of the associated superfluid instability are determined within a fully self-consistent t-matrix approach implemented exactly at zero temperature. In this way, the polarization-vs-coupling phase diagram at zero temperature is constructed throughout the whole BCS-BEC crossover. Depending on the coupling strength of the interparticle interaction between the two components, the superfluid instability can be either toward a Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase or toward a standard polarized BCS phase. The evolution with polarization of the quasiparticle parameters in the normal Fermi gas turns out to be notably different in the two cases. When the instability is toward a polarized BCS superfluid, quasiparticles in the proximity of the two Fermi surfaces remain well defined for all polarizations. When the instability is instead toward an FFLO superfluid, precursor effects become apparent upon approaching the FFLO quantum critical point (QCP), where the quasiparticle residues vanish and the effective masses diverge. This behavior leads to a complete breakdown of the quasiparticle picture characteristic of a Fermi liquid, similarly to what occurs in heavy-fermion materials at an antiferromagnetic QCP. At unitarity, the system is further investigated at finite temperature, making it possible to identify a non-Fermi liquid region in the temperature-vs-polarization phase diagram associated with the underlying FFLO QCP.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Volume: 107 (5)      Pages from: 54505-1  to: 54505-22

More Information: Partial financial support from the Italian MIUR under Project No. PRIN2017 (20172H2SC4) and next Generation EU and Italian MUR under project National Centre for HPC, Big Data and Quantum Computing Contract No. CN00000013 are acknowledged. M.P. is grateful to M. Zaccanti for support and discussions.
KeyWords: Bcs-bec Crossover; Feshbach Resonances; Bose-condensation; Phase-diagram; Superconductivity; Temperature; Transition; Behavior; State
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.107.054505

Citations: 3
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