Tomography of a Number-Resolving Detector by Reconstruction of an Atomic Many-Body Quantum State

Year: 2023

Authors: Hetzel M., Pezzè L., P’r C., Quensen M., H’per A., Geng J., Kruse J., Santos L., Ertmer W., Smerzi A., Klempt C.

Autors Affiliation: Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Quantenopt, Welfengarten 1, D-30167 Hannover, Germany; QSTAR, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, I-50125 Florence, Italy; CNR, INO, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, I-50125 Florence, Italy; LENS, Largo Enrico Fermi 2, I-50125 Florence, Italy; Westlake Univ, Sch Engn, Key Lab 3D Micro Nano Fabricat & Characterizat Zh, 18 Shilongshan Rd, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, Peoples R China; Westlake Inst Adv Study, Inst Adv Technol, 18 Shilongshan Rd, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, Peoples R China; Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Theoret Phys, Appelstr 2, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.

Abstract: The high-fidelity analysis of many-body quantum states of indistinguishable atoms requires the accurate counting of atoms. Here we report the tomographic reconstruction of an atom-number-resolving detector. The tomography is performed with an ultracold rubidium ensemble that is prepared in a coherent spin state by driving a Rabi coupling between the two hyperfine clock levels. The coupling is followed by counting the occupation number in one level. We characterize the fidelity of our detector and show that a negative-valued Wigner function is associated with it. Our results offer an exciting perspective for the high-fidelity reconstruction of entangled states and can be applied for a future demonstration of Heisenberg-limited atom interferometry.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Volume: 131 (26)      Pages from: 260601-1  to: 260601-7

More Information: This work is supported by the QuantERA grants SQUEIS and MENTA. We acknowledge financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation), Project ID 274200144-SFB 1227 DQ-mat within the project B01 and Germany’s Excellence Strategy, EXC-2123 QuantumFrontiers, Project-ID 390837967. M. Q. acknowledges support from the Hannover School for Nanotechnology (HSN).
KeyWords: Beam Splitter; Entanglement; Interferometry; Generation; Noise; Limit
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.260601

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