Numerical Studies of Back Reaction Effects in an Analog Model of Cosmological Preheating

Year: 2023

Authors: Butera S., Carusotto I.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland; Univ Trento, Pitaevskii BEC Ctr, CNR, INO, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38123 Trento, Italy.

Abstract: We theoretically propose an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate as an analog model of backreaction effects during the preheating stage of the early Universe. In particular, we address the out-of-equilibrium dynamics where the initially excited inflaton field decays by parametrically exciting the matter fields. We consider a two-dimensional, ring-shaped BEC under a tight transverse confinement whose transverse breathing mode and the Goldstone and dipole excitation branches simulate the inflaton and quantum matter fields, respectively. A strong excitation of the breathing mode leads to an exponentially growing emission of dipole and Goldstone excitations via parametric pair creation: Our numerical simulations of the BEC dynamics show how the associated backreaction effect results not only in an effective friction of the breathing mode, but also in a quick loss of longitudinal spatial coherence of the initially in-phase excitations. Implications of this result on the validity of the usual semiclassical description of backreaction are finally discussed.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Volume: 130 (24)      Pages from: 241501-1  to: 241501-7

More Information: Continuous support from Massimiliano Rinaldi on cosmological issues is most appreciated, as well as enlight-ening discussions with Stephen Barnett, Miles Blencowe, Bei-Lok Hu, and Renaud Parentani. S. B. acknowledges funding from the Leverhulme Trust Grant No. ECF-2019-461 and from University of Glasgow via the Lord Kelvin/Adam Smith (LKAS) Leadership Fellowship. I. C. acknowledges support from the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 820392 (PhoQuS) and from the Provincia Autonoma di Trento.
KeyWords: Black-holes; Spacetime
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.241501

Citations: 2
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