Mass-driven vortex collisions in flat superfluids

Year: 2023

Authors: Richaud A.; Lamporesi G.; Capone M.; Recati A.

Autors Affiliation: Scuola Int Super Studi Avanzati SISSA, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy; Univ Politecn Cataluna, Dept Fis, Campus Nord B4-B5, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; Univ Trento, Pitaevskii BEC Ctr, CNR INO, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38123 Trento, Italy; CNR IOM Democritos, Via Bonomea 265, I-34136 Trieste, Italy.

Abstract: Quantum vortices are often endowed with an effective inertial mass, due, for example, to massive particles in their cores. Such “massive vortices” display new phenomena beyond the standard picture of superfluid vortex dynamics, where mass is neglected. In this work, we demonstrate that massive vortices are allowed to collide, as opposed to their massless counterparts. We propose a scheme to generate controllable, repeatable, deterministic collisional events in pairs of quantum vortices. We demonstrate two mass-driven fundamental processes: (i) the annihilation of two counter-rotating vortices and (ii) the merging of two corotating vortices, thus pointing out new mechanisms supporting incompressible-to-compressible kinetic-energy conversion, as well as doubly quantized vortex stabilization in flat superfluids.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW A

Volume: 107      Pages from: 053317-1  to: 053317-10

More Information: We thank C. Fort for providing useful data on the K-Rb mixture and P. Massignan for stimulating discussions. We acknowledge funding by Provincia Autonoma di Trento and from MIUR through the PRIN 2017 (Prot. 20172H2SC4 005), PRIN 2020 (Prot. 2020JLZ52N 002) programs and PNRR MUR Project No. PE0000023-NQSTI. A. Richaud received funding from the European Union´s Horizon research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement Vortexons no. 101062887, by Grant No. PID2020-113565GB-C21 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by Grant No. 2021 SGR 01411 funded by Generalitat de Catalunya.
KeyWords: vortex collision, two-component superfluids, immiscible mixture
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.107.053317

Citations: 14
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