Combining acid-based deep eutectic solvents and microwave irradiation for improved chestnut shell waste valorization

Year: 2021

Authors: Gonzalez-Rivera J., Mero A., Husanu E., Mezzetta A., Ferrari C., D’Andrea F., Bramanti E., Pomelli C.S., Guazzelli L.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Pisa, Dept Pharm, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy; UOS Pisa, Nat Inst Opt, INO, CNR, Via G Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy; ICCOM CNR Pisa, Inst Chem Organometall Cpds, Via G Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.

Abstract: A microwave (MW)/deep eutectic solvent (DES)-assisted (MWDA) extraction process for obtaining value-added compounds from chestnut shell waste (CSW) is presented. DESs were used as green solvents featuring both high biomass dissolution ability and good response to MW irradiation. A survey of different acid-based DESs led to the identification of Choline Chloride (ChCl)-oxalic acid as the system most sensitive to experimental design variations, especially when considering the total phenolic content (TPC) and the total mass amount recovered (yield wt%). Hence, the MW absorption properties of ChCl-oxalic acid dihydrate and ChCl-oxalic acid DESs, as single components and in mixture with water, were assessed by the experimental determination of their MW heating response. Moreover, the extraction efficiency for the best MW responding system, ChCl-oxalic acid dihydrate, was evaluated at different MW-irradiation times and extraction temperatures. The isolated polyphenols from CSW were further characterized by HPLC-DAD analysis. Gallic acid, ellagic acid, catechin hydrate and procyanidin B2 were identified and quantified, with their relative ratios varying as a function of the MWDA extraction conditions. Lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose compositions of the solid residues of CSW after the MWDA extraction were assessed using a cross validation model obtained by partial least squares regression (PLS) of their FTIR spectra. The chemometrics results, corroborated by SEM analyses, highlighted the ability of the oxalic acid-based DES to simultaneously remove lignin during polyphenol extraction. Overall, the MWDA extraction process presented here enables the fast, cheap and tunable processing of food waste yielding a high amount of valuable bioactive compounds. This journal is

Journal/Review: GREEN CHEMISTRY

Volume: 23 (24)      Pages from: 10101  to: 10115

More Information: The authors would like to thank the BIHO (Bando Incentivi di Ateneo Horizon e Oltre) project of the University of Pisa and Era-Net Cofund SUSFOOD2 Call 2017 and MIUR for financial support (ImPrOVE project) and Ortofrutticola del Mugello s.r.l. (Italy) for providing the CSW. The authors also would like to thank A. Barbini and F. Pardini (INO-CNR) for their valuable technical support.
KeyWords: Microwave, deep eutectic solvent, extraction
DOI: 10.1039/d1gc03450b

Citations: 52
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