Local measures of dynamical quantum phase transitions

Year: 2021

Authors: Halimeh J.C.; Trapin D.; Van Damme M.; Heyl M.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Trento, CNR, INO, BEC Ctr, Via Sommar 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dept Phys, Via Sommarive 14, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Max Planck Inst Phys Komplexer Syst, Nothnitzer Str 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany; Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.

Abstract: In recent years, dynamical quantum phase transitions (DQPTs) have emerged as a useful theoretical concept to characterize nonequilibrium states of quantum matter. DQPTs are marked by singular behavior in an effective free energy ?(t), which, however, is a global measure, making its experimental or theoretical detection challenging in general. We introduce two local measures for the detection of DQPTs with the advantage of requiring fewer resources than the full effective free energy. The first, called the real-local effective free energy ?M(t), is defined in real space and is therefore suitable for systems where locally resolved measurements are directly accessible such as in quantum-simulator experiments involving Rydberg atoms or trapped ions. We test ?M(t) in Ising chains with nearest-neighbor and power-law interactions, and find that this measure allows extraction of the universal critical behavior of DQPTs. The second measure we introduce is the momentum-local effective free energy ?k(t), which is targeted at systems where momentum-resolved quantities are more naturally accessible, such as through time-of-flight measurements in ultracold atoms. We benchmark ?k(t) for the Kitaev chain, a paradigmatic system for topological quantum matter, in the presence of weak interactions. Our introduced local measures for effective free energies can further facilitate the detection of DQPTs in modern quantum-simulator experiments.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW B

Volume: 104 (7)      Pages from: 075130-1  to: 075130-14

More Information: This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 853443), and M.H. further acknowledges support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize program. The authors are grateful to I. P. McCulloch for stimulating discussions. J.C.H. acknowledges support by the Interdisciplinary Center Q@TN-Quantum Science and Technologies at Trento, the DFG Collaborative Research Centre Grant No. SFB 1225 (ISOQUANT), the Provincia Autonoma di Trento, and the ERC Starting Grant StrEnQTh (Project-ID No. 804305).
KeyWords: many-body localization; renormalization-group; gauge-invariance; states; model
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.104.075130

Citations: 25
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