Coherently Coupled Mixtures of Ultracold Atomic Gases

Year: 2022

Authors: Recati A.; Stringari S.

Autors Affiliation: Istituto Nazionale di Ottica-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (INO-CNR) Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) Center, Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Povo, Italy; Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Povo, Italy

Abstract: This article summarizes some of the relevant features exhibited by binary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of coherent coupling at zero temperature. The coupling, which is experimentally produced by proper photon transitions, can involve either negligible momentum transfer from the electromagnetic radiation (Rabi coupling) or large momentum transfer (Raman coupling) associated with spin-orbit effects. The nature of the quantum phases exhibited by coherently coupled mixtures is discussed in detail, including their paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, and, in the case of spin-orbit coupling, supersolid phases. The behavior of the corresponding elementary excitations is discussed, with explicit emphasis on the novel features caused by the spin-like degree of freedom. Focus is further given to the topological excitations (solitons, vortices) as well as to the superfluid properties. This review also points out relevant open questions that deserve more systematic theoretical and experimental investigations.

Journal/Review: ANNUAL REVIEW OF CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS

Volume: 13      Pages from: 407  to: 432

More Information: We acknowledge systematic and useful discussions with the members of the experimental and theory groups of the INO-CNR BEC Center. Long-standing collaborations on spin-orbit coupled gases with Yun Li and Giovanni Martone and on Bose mixtures with Marta Abad and Albert Gallemi are warmly acknowledged. This work has been supported by Provincia Autonoma di Trento, INFN-Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications (TIFPA) under the project FIS lambda and from the Italian Ministero dellŽIstruzione Ministero dellŽUniversita e della Ricerca (MIUR) under the PRIN2017 project CEnTraL.
KeyWords: spinor Bose-Einstein condensates; superfluidity; magnetism; spin-orbit coupling
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031820-121316

Citations: 19
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