Exfoliated black phosphorus gas sensing properties at room temperature

Year: 2016

Authors: Donarelli M., Ottaviano L., Giancaterini L., Fioravanti G., Perrozzi F., Cantalini C.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Aquila, Dept Phys & Chem Sci, Via Vetoio 10, I-67100 Laquila, Italy; UOS Aquila, CNR SPIN, Via Vetoio 10, I-67100 Laquila, Italy; Univ Aquila, Dept Ind & Informat Engn & Econ, Via Gronchi 18, I-67100 Laquila, Italy; Univ Brescia, Dept Informat Engn, Sensor Lab, Via Branze 38, I-25123 Brescia, Italy; CNR INO Brescia, Via Branze 38, I-25123 Brescia, Italy.

Abstract: Room temperature gas sensing properties of chemically exfoliated black phosphorus (BP) to oxidizing (NO2, CO2) and reducing (NH3, H-2, CO) gases in a dry air carrier have been reported. To study the gas sensing properties of BP, chemically exfoliated BP flakes have been drop casted on Si3N4 substrates provided with Pt comb-type interdigitated electrodes in N2 atmosphere. Scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterizations show respectively the occurrence of a mixed structure, composed of BP coarse aggregates dispersed on BP exfoliated few layer flakes bridging the electrodes, and a clear 2p doublet belonging to BP, which excludes the occurrence of surface oxidation. Room temperature electrical tests in dry air show a p-type response of multilayer BP with measured detection limits of 20 ppb and 10 ppm to NO2 and NH3 respectively. No response to CO and CO2 has been detected, while a slight but steady sensitivity to H-2 has been recorded. The reported results confirm, on an experimental basis, what was previously theoretically predicted, demonstrating the promising sensing properties of exfoliated BP.

Journal/Review: 2D MATERIALS

Volume: 3 (2)      Pages from: 25002-1  to: 25002-6

KeyWords: black phosphorus; gas sensing; XPS; NO2; H-2; NH3
DOI: 10.1088/2053-1583/3/2/025002

Citations: 112
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