Quantized vortices in dipolar supersolid Bose-Einstein-condensed gases

Year: 2020

Authors: Gallemi A., Roccuzzo SM., Stringari S., Recati A.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Trento, INO, CNR, BEC Ctr, I-38123 Povo, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38123 Povo, Italy; Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Trento Inst Fundamental Phys & Applicat, I-38123 Trento, Italy.

Abstract: We investigate the properties of quantized vortices in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensed gas by means of a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The size of the vortex core hugely increases by increasing the weight of the dipolar interaction, approaching the transition to the supersolid phase. The critical angular velocity for the existence of an energetically stable vortex decreases in the supersolid, due to the reduced value of the density in the interdroplet region. The angular momentum per particle associated with the vortex line is shown to be smaller than h, reflecting the reduction of the global superfluidity. The real-time vortex nucleation in a rotating trap is shown to be triggered, as for a standard condensate, by the softening of the quadrupole mode. For large angular velocities, when the distance between vortices becomes comparable to the interdroplet distance, the vortices are arranged into a honeycomb structure, which coexists with the triangular geometry of the supersolid lattice and persists during the free expansion of the atomic cloud.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW A

Volume: 102 (2)      Pages from: 023322-1  to: 023322-8

More Information: Useful discussions with Franco Dalfovo, Giacomo Lamporesi and with the members of the Ferlaino´s Dipolar Quantum Gas group are acknowledged. This project has received funding from the European Union´s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 641122 QUIC, from Provincia Autonoma di Trento, the Q@TN initiative and the FISh project of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare.
KeyWords: Supersolidity, Dipolar Bose-EInstein Condensate
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.102.023322

Citations: 49
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