Hanbury Brown and Twiss Bunching of Phonons and of the Quantum Depletion in an Interacting Bose Gas

Year: 2020

Authors: Cayla H., Butera S., Carcy C., Tenart A., Herce G., Mancini M., Aspect A., Carusotto I., Clement D.

Autors Affiliation: Univ Paris Saclay, Lab Charles Fabry, CNRS, Inst Opt Grad Sch, F-91127 Palaiseau, France; Univ Glasgow, Sch Phys & Astron, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland; Univ Trento, INO CNR BEC Ctr, I-38123 Povo, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38123 Povo, Italy.

Abstract: We report the realization of a Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT)-like experiment with a gas of interacting bosons at low temperatures. The low-temperature regime is reached in a three-dimensional optical lattice arid atom-atom correlations are extracted from the detection of individual metastable helium atoms after a long free fall. We observe, in the noncondensed fraction of the gas, a HBT bunching whose properties strongly deviate from the HBT signals expected for noninteracting bosons. In addition, we show that the measured correlations reflect the peculiar quantum statistics of atoms belonging to the quantum depletion and of the Bogoliubov phonons, i.e., of collective excitations of the many-body quantum state. Our results demonstrate that atom-atom correlations provide information about the quantum state of interacting particles, extending the interest of HBT-like experiments beyond the case of noninteracting particles.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS

Volume: 125 (6)      Pages from: 165301-1  to: 165301-6

More Information: We are grateful to Giuseppe Carleo for providing us with the quantum Monte Carlo calculations for our experiment. We acknowledge fruitful discussions with Denis Boiron, Antoine Browaeys, and the members of the Quantum Gases group at Institut d´Optique. This work benefited from financial support by the LabEx PALM (Grant No. ANR10-LABX-0039), the Region Ile-de-France in the framework of the DIM SIRTEQ, the “Fondation d´entreprise iXcore pour la Recherche” and the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (Grant No. ANR-17-CE30-0020-01). I. C. acknowledges funding from the European Union H2020FETFLAG-2018-2020 project “PhoQuS” (No. 820392) and the Provincia Autonoma di Trento. S. B. acknowledges funding from the Leverhulme Trust Grant No. ECF-2019461 and the Lord Kelvin/Adam Smith (LKAS) Leadership Fellowship. A. A. holds the Augustin Fresnel Chair of Institut d´Optique Graduate School, supported by Nokia Bell Labs. D. C. acknowledges support from the Institut Universitaire de France. A. A. holds the Augustin Fresnel Chair of Institut d´Optique Graduate School, supported by Nokia Bell Labs; he acknowledges funding by the Simons Foundation (Grant No. 563916).
KeyWords: INTERFEROMETRY; NOISE
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.165301

Citations: 22
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