Kibble-Zurek dynamics in a trapped ultracold Bose gas

Year: 2020

Authors: Liu IK., Dziarmaga J., Gou SC., Dalfovo F., Proukakis N.P.

Autors Affiliation: Newcastle Univ, Sch Math Stat & Phys, Joint Quantum Ctr JQC Durham Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England; Natl Changhua Univ Educ, Dept Phys, Changhua 50058, Taiwan; Natl Changhua Univ Educ, Grad Inst Photon, Changhua 50058, Taiwan; Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Ul Lojasiewicza 11, PL-30348 Krakow, Poland; Univ Trento, INO CNR BEC Ctr, I-38123 Trento, Italy; Univ Trento, Dipartimento Fis, I-38123 Trento, Italy.

Abstract: The dynamical evolution of an inhomogeneous ultracold atomic gas quenched at different controllable rates through the Bose-Einstein condensation phase transition is studied numerically in the premise of a recent experiment in an anisotropic harmonic trap. Our findings based on the stochastic (projected) Gross-Pitaevskii equation are shown to be consistent at early times with the predictions of the homogeneous Kibble-Zurek mechanism. This is demonstrated by collapsing the early dynamical evolution of densities, spectral functions and correlation lengths for different quench rates, based on an appropriate characterization of the distance to criticality felt by the quenched system. The subsequent long-time evolution, beyond the identified dynamical critical region, is also investigated by looking at the behavior of the density wavefront evolution and the corresponding phase ordering dynamics.

Journal/Review: PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH

Volume: 2 (3)      Pages from: 033183-1  to: 033183-17

More Information: We would like to thank G. Ferrari and G. Lamporesi for numerous discussions and for providing us with unpublished experimental data. We also acknowledge early discussions with L. Cugliandolo and R. Smith. Financial support was provided by the Quantera ERA-NET cofund project NAQUAS through the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council, Grant No. EP/R043434/1 (I-K.L. and N.P.P.), the National Science Centre (NCN), Grant No. 2017/25/Z/ST2/03028 (J.D.), and the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (F.D.). This work was also supported by Provincia Autonoma di Trento. I-K.L. and S.-C.G. were financially supported by MOST 1062112-M-018-005-MY3 (Taiwan).
KeyWords: SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY-BREAKING; PHASE-TRANSITION; TOPOLOGICAL DEFECTS; STRING FORMATION; VORTEX FORMATION; CONDENSATION; TEMPERATURE; MECHANISM; COHERENCE; BOSONS
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033183

Citations: 21
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