Relaxation to negative temperature breathers in Bose-Einstein Condensates in optical lattices
Year: 2011
Authors: Franzosi R., Iubini S., Livi R., Politi A., Oppo G.-L.
Autors Affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, CNISM, Università di Firenze, IT- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Istituto Sistemi Complessi, CNR, Sezione di Firenze, IT- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Department of Physics, Institute of Complex Systems, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, United Kingdom
Abstract: Localization of Bose-Einstein Condensates (BEC) in optical lattices has been predicted and observed by suitable preparation of the initial atomic packet [1]. In the deep potential limit, the dynamics of the BEC is well described by the Discrete Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation (DNLSE) where the transport mechanism of the atomic density across the lattice is due to tunneling effects. Highly localized states of the atomic density corresponding to discrete breathers can be achieved by progressively removing atoms at the boundaries of the optical lattice [1,2]. Both static breathers with fixed spatial position and travelling breathers can be obtained with this relaxation technique [1,2]. © 2011 IEEE.
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KeyWords: Atomic density; Bose-Einstein condensates; Discrete breather; Discrete nonlinear Schrodinger equation; Localized state; Negative temperatures; Optical lattices; Potential limits; Relaxation techniques; Spatial positions; Transport mechanism; Tunneling effects, Atoms; Control nonlinearities; Crystal lattices; Electron optics; Lasers; Nonlinear equations; Optics; Quantum electronics; Schrodinger equation; Statistical mechanics; Steam condensers, Optical materials